ʻO nā bioplastics nā mea plastik i hana ʻia mai ka biomass ma mua o ka ʻaila ʻaila a me ke kinoea maoli.Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka lōʻihi a me ka maʻalahi ma mua o nā plastic plastic.ʻAʻole paʻa lākou i ka wā i ʻike ʻia i ka wela.
ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua loaʻa i nā kānaka ʻepekema ma ke Kulanui o Akron (UA) kahi hopena i kēia hemahema hope loa ma o ka hele ʻana ma mua o ka hiki o nā bioplastics.Hiki i kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻana ke kōkua nui i ka hoʻomau ʻana o nā plastics i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Ke hoʻomohala nei ʻo Shi-Qing Wang, PhD lab ma UA, i nā hoʻolālā kūpono no ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā polymers brittle i mau mea ʻoʻoleʻa a maʻalahi.ʻO ka hoʻomohala hou loa o ka hui he ʻano kīʻaha polylactic acid (PLA) ʻoi loa ka ikaika, ʻikea, a ʻaʻole e emi a hoʻololi paha ke hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai paila.
Ua lilo ka plastic i mea nui o ko kakou ola ana i kela la i keia la, aka, o ka hapa nui o ia mea, aole hiki ke hana hou ia, a no laila, e hoahu ia i loko o ka lepo.ʻAʻole lawa ka ikaika o kekahi mau mea ʻokoʻa biodegradable/compostable e like me PLA e hoʻololi i nā polymers maʻamau i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka wahie fossil e like me polyethylene terephthalate (PET) no ka mea ʻo kēia mau mea hoʻomau.
He ʻano kaulana ʻo PLA o ka bioplastic i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻeke a me nā ipu no ka mea maʻalahi ke hana.Ma mua o ka hana ʻana o Wang's lab i kēia, ua kaupalena ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka PLA no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke pale i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ia ke kumu i hiki ai i kēia noiʻi ke holomua no ka mākeke PLA.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kauka Ramani Narayan, ka mea ʻepekema bioplastics kaulana a me ke kaukaʻi emeritus ma Michigan State University:
ʻO PLA ke poʻokela o ka honua 100% biodegradable a piha compostable polymer.Akā, he haʻahaʻa ka hopena ikaika a me ka wela haʻahaʻa distortion wela.Hoʻopalupalu a wāwahi ʻia ma kahi o 140 degere F, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ia no nā ʻano meaʻai wela a me nā pahu hoʻopau.ʻO ka noiʻi ʻana a Kauka Wang he ʻenehana holomua no ka mea he ikaika, ʻalohilohi kona kīʻaha PLA prototype, a hiki ke paʻa i ka wai paila.
Ua noʻonoʻo hou ka hui i ke ʻano paʻakikī o ka plastic PLA ma ka pae molekala e hoʻokō i ka pale wela a me ka ductility.Hana ʻia kēia mea me nā molekole kaulahao i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e like me ka spaghetti, i hui pū kekahi me kekahi.No ka lilo ʻana i thermoplastic ikaika, pono nā mea noiʻi e hōʻoia i ka crystallization ʻaʻole e hoʻopau i ka hana ulana.Ua wehewehe ʻo ia i kēia he manawa kūpono e ʻohi ai i nā noodles a pau i ka manawa hoʻokahi me ka ʻelua o nā noodles, ma mua o kekahi mau noodles e paheʻe mai ke koena.
Hiki i kā lākou kīʻaha kīʻaha PLA ke paʻa i ka wai me ka ʻole o ka palaho, ka emi ʻana a i ʻole ka lilo ʻana i opaque.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau kīʻaha ma ke ʻano he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni i ke kofe a i ʻole ke kī.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-08-2023